roadwise.Open study app

Pennsylvania driving lesson · Fit to Drive

Alcohol and drugs

A 3-minute lesson from the Pennsylvania course. Read the rules and examples, follow the handbook page references, and check your understanding before you move on.

Read time
3 minutes
Course unit
Fit to Drive
Checkpoint questions
6
Source pages
37, 38

Alcohol and many drugs slow your reactions, blur your judgment and make you feel more confident than you should. The only safe amount of alcohol to drink before driving is zero, and under 21 any measurable amount is against the law.

About 40%

Share of all traffic deaths that involve drinking drivers; 30% of PA drivers ages 16 to 20 who died had been drinking

Handbook p. 37 ↗

Know the rule

Zero tolerance: you may not drink if you're under 21. A driver under 21 with a BAC of .02 percent or more is considered driving under the influence.

Handbook p. 37 ↗

Know the rule

Even the smallest amount of alcohol reduces your concentration, perception, judgment and memory. As alcohol builds up, errors increase, reactions slow and control is lost, while you feel dangerously confident.

Handbook p. 37 ↗
2 to 7 times

How much more likely drivers at .04 BAC (half the adult legal limit of .08) are to crash than drivers with no alcohol

Handbook p. 37 ↗

Know the rule

Your BAC depends on your age, weight, gender, physical condition, food eaten, and any drugs or medication in your system. Different drinks also hold different amounts of alcohol.

Handbook p. 38 ↗

One drink equals

One drink equals
DrinkAmount
80-proof liquor1.5 oz
Regular beer12 oz
Wine5 oz
Handbook p. 38 ↗

Know the rule

If you're of legal age, drink no more than one drink per hour: an average-weight person needs at least one hour to process each drink. The rule doesn't work for everyone; smaller people and women may reach a higher BAC.

Handbook p. 38 ↗

Know the rule

Only time sobers you up. Coffee, other caffeinated drinks or a cold shower do not lower your BAC.

Handbook p. 38 ↗
.03 BAC

A 110-pound female after just 8 oz of light beer (a 140-pound male reaches .025 after a 12 oz light beer)

Handbook p. 38 ↗
About 20%

Share of motorist deaths each year involving drugs other than alcohol; combining drugs and alcohol greatly raises crash risk

Handbook p. 38 ↗

How drugs impair driving

  • Marijuana: slower reaction time, poor judgment of time and distance, less coordination
  • Cocaine or methamphetamine: aggressive, reckless driving
  • Certain sedatives: dizziness and drowsiness; opioids: drowsiness and slow reactions
  • Sleeping pills, cough medicine, antihistamines, decongestants: can affect skills in many ways
Handbook p. 38 ↗

Know the rule

Read medication warning labels before driving and ask your doctor or pharmacist about side effects. If a label says not to operate heavy machinery, that includes your vehicle.

Handbook p. 38 ↗

Put it into practice

You're 22 and had two beers in the last hour. Waiting 15 minutes and drinking coffee won't sober you up; only time lowers your BAC. Get a ride or wait, and never let a friend who's been drinking drive.

Check your understanding

Read the question, decide on an answer, then open it to check the explanation. These are Roadwise study questions based on the source handbook.

What percent of all traffic deaths involve drinking drivers, according to the handbook?
  1. About 40 percent
  2. About 10 percent
  3. About 60 percent
  4. About 20 percent

Answer: About 40 percent

Approximately 40 percent of all traffic deaths involve drinking drivers.

Handbook p. 37 ↗
For a driver under 21, what BAC level is considered driving under the influence?
  1. .08 percent or more
  2. .02 percent or more
  3. .04 percent or more
  4. .05 percent or more

Answer: .02 percent or more

Zero tolerance sets the under-21 DUI threshold at .02 percent BAC or higher.

Handbook p. 37 ↗
What is considered the standard amount of alcohol in 'one drink'?
  1. 1 oz of any liquor and 8 oz of beer
  2. 2 oz of liquor or a full bottle of wine
  3. 1.5 oz of 80-proof liquor, 12 oz of regular beer, or 5 oz of wine
  4. 1.5 oz of liquor, 16 oz of beer, or 8 oz of wine

Answer: 1.5 oz of 80-proof liquor, 12 oz of regular beer, or 5 oz of wine

One drink equals 1.5 oz of 80-proof liquor, 12 oz of regular beer, or 5 oz of wine.

Handbook p. 38 ↗
Drivers with a BAC of .04, half the adult legal limit, are how much more likely to crash than sober drivers?
  1. 2 to 7 times more likely
  2. Not any more likely
  3. 10 to 15 times more likely
  4. Only slightly more likely, under 1.5 times

Answer: 2 to 7 times more likely

Even at .04 BAC, drivers are 2 to 7 times more likely to be in a crash.

Handbook p. 37 ↗
What is the only reliable way to reduce your blood alcohol concentration?
  1. Drinking coffee
  2. Time
  3. Taking a cold shower
  4. Eating a large meal quickly

Answer: Time

Only time metabolizes alcohol; coffee and cold showers do not lower BAC.

Handbook p. 38 ↗
How can marijuana impair driving ability, according to the handbook?
  1. It sharpens reaction time temporarily
  2. It has no measurable effect on driving
  3. It only affects vision, not reaction time
  4. It can slow reaction time and impair judgment of time and distance

Answer: It can slow reaction time and impair judgment of time and distance

Marijuana can slow reaction time, impair time/distance judgment, and decrease coordination.

Handbook p. 38 ↗
Take the lesson checkpoint in the app

More in Fit to Drive