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Texas driving lesson · Speed and Speed Limits

Following distance, stopping distance & vision

A 3-minute lesson from the Texas course. Read the rules and examples, follow the handbook page references, and check your understanding before you move on.

Read time
3 minutes
Course unit
Speed and Speed Limits
Checkpoint questions
6
Source pages
51, 78

Speed shrinks your margin for error. The faster you go, the more space you need to stop and the less you can see to the sides. Texas measures following distance in seconds, and gives stopping distances you should know.

Minimum following interval

Minimum following interval
Speed / conditionsGap
30 mph or less, good conditions2 seconds
Above 30 mph, good conditions4 seconds
Poor road conditionsAllow more time
Handbook p. 51 ↗

Know the rule

A four-second following interval is the best practice for a beginning or less experienced driver.

Handbook p. 51 ↗

Know the rule

If the vehicle ahead passes a fixed object and you reach the same object in less than two seconds, you are following too closely.

Handbook p. 51 ↗

Following interval

Pick an object near the road. When the car ahead passes it, count "one thousand-one, one thousand-two..." until your car's front reaches the same object.

Handbook p. 78 ↗
1½ seconds

Average time to think, react and apply the brakes

Handbook p. 51 ↗

Approximate total stopping distance (good brakes and tires, dry level pavement)

Approximate total stopping distance (good brakes and tires, dry level pavement)
SpeedFeet to stop
20 mph63 feet
30 mph109 feet
40 mph164 feet
50 mph229 feet
60 mph303 feet
70 mph387 feet
Handbook p. 51 ↗

Slow down and increase your following distance when:

  • The road is wet (even a small amount of rain makes roads slippery)
  • The road is crowded
  • Your vision is limited; always be able to stop within the distance you can see ahead
Handbook p. 51 ↗

Know the rule

Adjust speed and following distance to your physical condition and the condition of your vehicle and the road. If you're tired or not feeling well, don't drive.

Handbook p. 51 ↗

Speed reduces your field of vision

Speed reduces your field of vision
SpeedField of vision
Stationary180 degrees or more
20 mphReduced to about 2/3
40 mphReduced to about 2/5
60 mphReduced to about 1/5
Handbook p. 51 ↗
Field of vision narrows with speed
At 60 mph your field of vision narrows to about one-fifth

Put it into practice

At 45 mph on a dry day, the car ahead passes a road sign. You count "one thousand-one, one thousand-two" and reach the sign. That's only two seconds, but above 30 mph you need four. Ease off the gas until you count four.

Check your understanding

Read the question, decide on an answer, then open it to check the explanation. These are Roadwise study questions based on the source handbook.

At 30 mph or below in good conditions, what is the minimum following interval?
  1. 1 second
  2. 2 seconds
  3. 4 seconds
  4. 6 seconds

Answer: 2 seconds

For speeds of 30 mph or less, the minimum following time is 2 seconds in good road conditions (p.51).

Handbook p. 51 ↗
Above 30 mph in good conditions, what is the minimum following interval?
  1. 3 seconds
  2. 1 second
  3. 4 seconds
  4. 6 seconds

Answer: 4 seconds

For speeds above 30 mph, the Speed chapter (p.51) says to keep a 4-second gap in good road conditions.

Handbook p. 51 ↗
About how long does it take the average person to perceive a hazard, react, and apply the brakes?
  1. 0.5 seconds
  2. 3 seconds
  3. 5 seconds
  4. 1.5 seconds

Answer: 1.5 seconds

It takes the average person about 1.5 seconds to think, react, and apply the brakes.

Handbook p. 51 ↗
You reach a fixed object 1.5 seconds after the car ahead of you passed it. What does that mean?
  1. You're following too closely
  2. You're following at a safe distance
  3. Your speed is too slow
  4. You're following at exactly the minimum gap

Answer: You're following too closely

Reaching the same fixed object in less than two seconds means you're following too closely.

Handbook p. 51 ↗
Which practice is recommended as the best following interval for a beginning driver?
  1. A one-second following interval
  2. A four-second following interval
  3. A two-second following interval
  4. A three-second following interval

Answer: A four-second following interval

Using a four-second following interval is the best practice for a beginning or less experienced driver.

Handbook p. 51 ↗
At 60 mph on dry pavement with good brakes, approximately how far does it take to stop?
  1. About 229 feet
  2. About 303 feet
  3. About 387 feet
  4. About 164 feet

Answer: About 303 feet

The stopping distance chart lists roughly 303 feet from 60 mph.

Handbook p. 51 ↗
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