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Tennessee driving lesson · Speed, Space & Stopping

How long it takes to stop

A 3-minute lesson from the Tennessee course. Read the rules and examples, follow the handbook page references, and check your understanding before you move on.

Read time
3 minutes
Course unit
Speed, Space & Stopping
Checkpoint questions
6
Source pages
63

It takes longer to stop than most people think. Before your brakes even start working, you have to notice the danger and move your foot. At highway speed you cover more than a hundred feet in that moment.

The three parts of stopping

The three parts of stopping
StepTimeWhat happens
PerceptionAbout 0.50 secondYou see or hear the danger
ReactionAbout 0.66 second (2/3)Your brain tells your foot to brake
BrakingVaries with speedFoot on brake until the car stops
Handbook p. 63 ↗

Stopping distance varies with:

  • Type and condition of the road surface
  • Type and condition of your tires and brakes
  • Vehicle design and condition of the shock absorbers
  • Vehicle weight when loaded or towing
Handbook p. 63 ↗

How far you travel each second

How far you travel each second
SpeedFeet per second
20 mph29
30 mph44
40 mph59
50 mph74
60 mph88
70 mph103
Handbook p. 63 ↗

Know the rule

At 70 mph at night, a deer appears. It takes 1.16 seconds to see it and move to the brake — 128 feet traveled before braking. Braking adds 290 feet on a good dry road.

Handbook p. 63 ↗
418 feet

Total stopping distance in the 70 mph example — nearly 150 yards, 1.5 football fields

Handbook p. 63 ↗
About 200 feet

Distance a light passenger car needs to stop from 50 mph (National Safety Council)

Handbook p. 63 ↗

Know the rule

Avoid panic stops by spotting events early — slowing or changing lanes may let you avoid stopping at all. Never stop on the road unless needed for safety or to obey a law.

Handbook p. 63 ↗

Put it into practice

At 60 mph you travel 88 feet every second. Glance down at your phone for just 2 seconds and you've covered 176 feet — more than half a football field — before you could even begin to react.

Check your understanding

Read the question, decide on an answer, then open it to check the explanation. These are Roadwise study questions based on the source handbook.

The three steps involved in bringing a vehicle to a stop are:
  1. Signal, brake, and steer
  2. Perception, reaction, braking
  3. Look, listen, and brake
  4. Perception, signal, and coast

Answer: Perception, reaction, braking

Stopping a vehicle involves perception time, reaction time, and braking time.

Handbook p. 63 ↗
Perception time is best described as:
  1. The time it takes to fully stop the car
  2. The time from seeing danger to braking
  3. Time to see and recognize danger
  4. The time it takes to accelerate back to speed

Answer: Time to see and recognize danger

Perception time is the length of time it takes a driver to see and recognize danger, before any reaction begins.

Handbook p. 63 ↗
Driving at 70 m.p.h. at night, a deer appears ahead. According to the handbook example, about how far will you travel before even starting to brake?
  1. 20 feet
  2. 500 feet
  3. 50 feet
  4. 128 feet

Answer: 128 feet

At 70 m.p.h., perception and reaction take about 1.16 seconds, during which you travel roughly 128 feet before braking begins.

Handbook p. 63 ↗
In the handbook's 70 m.p.h. example, what is the approximate TOTAL stopping distance (perception, reaction, and braking combined)?
  1. About 418 feet
  2. About 100 feet
  3. About 900 feet
  4. About 200 feet

Answer: About 418 feet

The example shows a total stopping distance of about 418 feet at 70 m.p.h. under good conditions — nearly one-and-a-half football fields.

Handbook p. 63 ↗
Stopping distance can vary widely due to which of these factors?
  1. Road/pavement condition, tire and brake condition, and vehicle weight
  2. Only the posted speed limit and the time of day
  3. Only the driver's age and years of experience
  4. Only the outside temperature and traffic volume

Answer: Road/pavement condition, tire and brake condition, and vehicle weight

Stopping distance varies with pavement condition, tire and brake condition, suspension, and vehicle weight/load.

Handbook p. 63 ↗
Reaction time is best described as:
  1. The time it takes the car to physically stop
  2. Time from seeing danger to braking
  3. The time before you notice a hazard exists
  4. The time it takes to accelerate after stopping

Answer: Time from seeing danger to braking

Reaction time is the time between perceiving danger and actually starting to brake.

Handbook p. 63 ↗
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