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Montana driving lesson · Vehicle Equipment

Seatbelts and child restraints

A 4-minute lesson from the Montana course. Read the rules and examples, follow the handbook page references, and check your understanding before you move on.

Read time
4 minutes
Course unit
Vehicle Equipment
Checkpoint questions
6
Source pages
26, 29, 30, 96

In Montana the driver is responsible for making sure every occupant is buckled or in a child seat. If you crash while belted, your chances of being hurt or killed are greatly reduced.

Know the rule

No one may drive in Montana unless each occupant wears a properly adjusted and fastened safety belt. The law makes the driver responsible for buckling everyone or using a child safety seat.

Handbook p. 29 ↗
$20

Fine for a driver who violates the seatbelt law

Handbook p. 29 ↗

Know the rule

Vehicles made between January 1, 1965 and January 1, 1968 must have seatbelts for the left and right front seats; vehicles made after January 1, 1968, for every designated seat.

Handbook p. 26 ↗

Exceptions to the seatbelt law

  • Vehicles made before January 1, 1968
  • An occupant carrying a physician's written statement that they can't wear a belt for medical reasons
  • Operators of special mobile equipment, such as farm tractors or road construction machinery
  • Drivers with frequent stops on the job who are exempted by the Department of Justice (MVD-SE1)
Handbook p. 30 ↗

Know the rule

Babies and children up to age 6 and 60 pounds must be buckled in a child safety seat, with one child restraint for each such child in the vehicle.

Handbook p. 30 ↗

Know the rule

Booster seats are recommended for older children until the lap and shoulder belt fits properly — usually at about 4'9" tall.

Handbook p. 30 ↗

Air bags and children

  • Never put a rear-facing car seat in a front seat with an active air bag
  • Whenever possible, children under 13 ride in the back seat
  • If a child must ride in front, use a child seat or booster and move the seat as far back as possible
Handbook p. 30 ↗

Know the rule

With a two-part belt, wear both the lap belt and the shoulder belt. With an automatic shoulder belt, buckle the lap belt too, or you could slide out in a crash.

Handbook p. 29 ↗

Why buckle up (Buckle Up Montana)

  • At 30 mph, crashing unbelted is like falling from a 3-story building
  • Every crash has three collisions: the vehicle, the human, and the internal one inside your body
  • Unbelted people can be thrown into others in the vehicle, injuring or killing them
  • Rural EMS response takes longer, and the first hour of care is critical
Handbook p. 29 ↗

Know the rule

Never hold a child while riding: in a 30-mph crash, a 100-pound adult becomes a 3,000-pound force against the child.

Handbook p. 30 ↗

Vehicle heatstroke

Happens when a child is left in a hot vehicle and body temperature rises fast. Heatstroke begins at a core temperature of about 104°F; about 107°F is lethal.

Handbook p. 96 ↗

Put it into practice

You're driving your 5-year-old nephew, who weighs 45 pounds, and two teenage cousins. The nephew rides in a child safety seat, ideally in the back. Check that both teens buckle up — if anyone isn't buckled, you, the driver, get the $20 fine.

Check your understanding

Read the question, decide on an answer, then open it to check the explanation. These are Roadwise study questions based on the source handbook.

What is the fine for a driver who violates Montana's seatbelt law?
  1. $10
  2. $20
  3. $50
  4. $100

Answer: $20

A driver who violates the seatbelt law is fined $20.

Handbook p. 29 ↗
Vehicles manufactured after what date must have seatbelts for every designated seat?
  1. January 1, 1956
  2. January 1, 1965
  3. January 1, 1968
  4. January 1, 1975

Answer: January 1, 1968

Vehicles made after January 1, 1968 must have seatbelts for every designated seating position.

Handbook p. 26 ↗
A child is 5 years old and weighs 45 pounds. What does Montana law require?
  1. A regular adult seatbelt only
  2. A booster seat is optional
  3. No restraint is required under age 6
  4. A properly fitted child safety seat

Answer: A properly fitted child safety seat

Children up to age 6 and 60 pounds must be buckled in a child safety seat.

Handbook p. 30 ↗
Where should a rear-facing car seat never be placed?
  1. In the center of the back seat
  2. The front seat with an active airbag
  3. Behind the driver's seat
  4. In a vehicle without side airbags

Answer: The front seat with an active airbag

A rear-facing car seat should never be placed in the front seat when an airbag is active, due to injury risk.

Handbook p. 30 ↗
Which of these is a valid exception to Montana's seatbelt law?
  1. The trip is under 5 miles
  2. The driver is over age 65
  3. Made before January 1, 1968
  4. The vehicle has airbags

Answer: Made before January 1, 1968

Vehicles manufactured before January 1, 1968 are exempt from the seatbelt requirement.

Handbook p. 30 ↗
At 30 mph, an unbelted 100-pound occupant becomes roughly how much force against a child they are holding in a crash?
  1. 300 pounds
  2. 1,000 pounds
  3. 10,000 pounds
  4. 3,000 pounds

Answer: 3,000 pounds

In a 30-mph crash, a 100-pound adult becomes a 3,000-pound force, which is why holding a child in your arms doesn't protect them.

Handbook p. 30 ↗
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