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Missouri driving lesson · Signs, Signals & Markings

Traffic signals and turn arrows

A 3-minute lesson from the Missouri course. Read the rules and examples, follow the handbook page references, and check your understanding before you move on.

Read time
3 minutes
Course unit
Signs, Signals & Markings
Checkpoint questions
6
Source pages
46, 47

Traffic signals tell you when and where to stop and go. Flashing signals may be used during emergencies, at night, in low traffic and for special events. Left-turn arrows add another layer: some turns are protected, others make you wait for a gap.

Circular signals

Circular signals
SignalWhat to do
Flashing redSame as a stop sign
Flashing yellowSlow down and proceed with caution
Steady redStop at the stop line, crosswalk or intersection
Steady yellowChanging to red; stop unless too close to stop
GreenGo, after yielding to anyone still in the intersection
Handbook p. 46 ↗
Steady red and yellow lights (combined)
Flashing red and flashing yellow signals

Know the rule

At a red light, wait for green unless you're turning right. After a complete stop, you may turn right on red if the way is clear of pedestrians and traffic, unless a "No Right Turn On Red" sign is posted.

Handbook p. 46 ↗

Know the rule

Stop for a steady yellow light unless you're already in the intersection or so close you can't stop safely before entering it.

Handbook p. 46 ↗

Left-turn signal phases

Left-turn signal phases
PhaseHow it works
PermissiveCircular green or flashing yellow arrow: wait for a gap
ProtectedGreen arrow while opposing traffic has a red light
Protected/PermissiveGreen arrow phase, or a permissive phase
Handbook p. 46 ↗

Turn arrows

Turn arrows
ArrowMeaning
Steady red arrowStop; wait for green or a flashing yellow arrow
Steady yellow arrowGreen arrow ending; be ready to yield or stop
Flashing yellow arrowTurn after a safe gap; yield to pedestrians
Green arrowTurn; be in the proper lane with the way clear
Handbook p. 46 ↗

Know the rule

A steady yellow arrow warns that the green arrow is changing to a circular green, a flashing yellow arrow or a red light.

Handbook p. 46 ↗
Five-section signal head with turn arrows
Signal head with left-turn arrows
Flashing yellow arrow
Flashing yellow arrow

Know the rule

Dark signals, meaning traffic signals that aren't working, operate as a four-way stop.

Handbook p. 47 ↗

Put it into practice

You're turning left and the signal shows a flashing yellow arrow. You may turn, but only after oncoming traffic leaves a safe gap and pedestrians are clear. A green arrow would mean opposing traffic is stopped by a red light.

Check your understanding

Read the question, decide on an answer, then open it to check the explanation. These are Roadwise study questions based on the source handbook.

What does a flashing red traffic light mean?
  1. Proceed with caution, no stop required
  2. Slow down only, do not stop
  3. The same as a yield sign
  4. The same as a stop sign

Answer: The same as a stop sign

A flashing red light means the same thing as a stop sign.

Handbook p. 46 ↗
What does a flashing yellow light mean?
  1. Slow down and proceed with caution
  2. Stop completely, then proceed
  3. Yield only to pedestrians
  4. Same as a flashing red light

Answer: Slow down and proceed with caution

A flashing yellow light tells you to slow down and proceed with caution.

Handbook p. 46 ↗
After coming to a complete stop at a red light, when may you turn right on red?
  1. Never; wait for the green light
  2. If clear of pedestrians/traffic, unless signed
  3. Only when a green arrow appears
  4. Only if a sign permits it

Answer: If clear of pedestrians/traffic, unless signed

After a complete stop, you may turn right on red if the way is clear, unless a 'No Right Turn On Red' sign is posted.

Handbook p. 46 ↗
A left-turn signal gives a green arrow while opposing traffic is stopped by a red light. What type of left-turn phase is this?
  1. Protected
  2. Permissive
  3. Uncontrolled
  4. Dual-use

Answer: Protected

A protected left-turn phase allows you to turn only when you receive a green arrow while opposing traffic is stopped.

Handbook p. 46 ↗
A flashing yellow arrow for a left turn means what?
  1. Stop completely, no turns allowed
  2. Turn after a safe gap; yield to pedestrians
  3. You have full protected right-of-way
  4. The green arrow is about to appear

Answer: Turn after a safe gap; yield to pedestrians

A flashing yellow arrow allows you to turn in that direction but you must wait for an adequate gap in opposing traffic and yield to pedestrians.

Handbook p. 47 ↗
What should you do when you approach an intersection where the traffic signals are completely dark (not working)?
  1. Proceed through without stopping
  2. Treat it as a yield sign only
  3. Treat it as a four-way stop
  4. Wait for a police officer before proceeding

Answer: Treat it as a four-way stop

Dark signals, or traffic signals that aren't working, operate as a four-way stop.

Handbook p. 47 ↗
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