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New York driving lesson · Traffic Control

Traffic lights

A 3-minute lesson from the New York course. Read the rules and examples, follow the handbook page references, and check your understanding before you move on.

Read time
3 minutes
Course unit
Traffic Control
Checkpoint questions
6
Source pages
30, 31

Traffic lights are usually red, yellow and green, top to bottom or left to right. Some are single lights, some flash, and some are arrows. Each version means something different, and New York has its own twists on turning at a red light.

Traffic signal (labeled red/yellow/green with arrow)
Traffic signal: red, yellow, green and green arrow

Know the rule

If traffic lights are out of service or not working correctly, stop as you would for a STOP sign, then continue according to the right-of-way rules, unless a traffic officer directs you.

Handbook p. 30 ↗

What each light means

What each light means
LightWhat to do
Steady redStop. Don't go until the light is green
Flashing redSame as a STOP sign: stop, yield, go when safe
Red arrowDon't go that way; no turn on red at a red arrow
Steady yellowAbout to turn red; be prepared to stop
Flashing yellowDrive with caution
Yellow arrowGreen-arrow protection is ending; prepare to stop
Steady greenGo, but yield to other traffic as required by law
Green arrowGo that way, but yield as required by law
Handbook p. 31 ↗
Traffic signal icon (R, crossed out)
Flashing red signal

Know the rule

A steady red with a green arrow: you may go only in the arrow's direction, and only if the intersection is clear.

Handbook p. 31 ↗

Know the rule

Right on red: after a full stop, yielding to oncoming traffic and pedestrians. Left on red: only from a one-way road into another one-way road, after a full stop and yielding.

Handbook p. 31 ↗

You may NOT turn on a red light:

  • Where a NO TURN ON RED sign is posted
  • Where another sign, signal or pavement marking prevents the turn
  • In New York City, unless a sign permits it
  • At a red arrow
  • When driving a school bus carrying students (no right turn on any red)
Handbook p. 31 ↗

Put it into practice

In Albany you stop at a red light, want to turn right, and see no sign. After a full stop you may turn once pedestrians and cross traffic are clear. At the same kind of intersection in Manhattan, you would wait for green unless a sign allowed the turn.

Check your understanding

Read the question, decide on an answer, then open it to check the explanation. These are Roadwise study questions based on the source handbook.

What must you do at a steady red light before turning right (where allowed)?
  1. Slow down and proceed if no cars are visible
  2. Stop only if a pedestrian is crossing
  3. Treat it exactly like a green light
  4. Stop, then yield to traffic and pedestrians

Answer: Stop, then yield to traffic and pedestrians

You can turn right at a steady red light only after a full stop and yielding to oncoming traffic and pedestrians.

Handbook p. 31 ↗
You approach a steady red light with a red arrow pointing left. Can you turn left after stopping?
  1. No, never on a red arrow
  2. Yes, after a full stop and checking traffic
  3. Yes, but only outside New York City
  4. Only if no oncoming traffic is present

Answer: No, never on a red arrow

A red arrow means you cannot go in that direction until the arrow turns off and a green light or arrow appears.

Handbook p. 31 ↗
What does a flashing red light mean?
  1. Slow down but don't stop
  2. Same as a stop sign
  3. Proceed with caution at normal speed
  4. Yield only if pedestrians are present

Answer: Same as a stop sign

A flashing red light means the same as a STOP sign: stop, yield the right-of-way, and go when it's safe.

Handbook p. 31 ↗
You approach an intersection where the traffic light is completely dark and not working. What should you do?
  1. Proceed as if it were a green light
  2. Wait for a police officer before moving at all
  3. Treat it like a yield sign only
  4. Treat it as a stop sign

Answer: Treat it as a stop sign

State law requires you to stop as you would for a stop sign when a traffic light is out of service, then follow right-of-way rules.

Handbook p. 30 ↗
A school bus carrying students approaches a steady red light. Can the driver turn right on red?
  1. No, never with students aboard
  2. Yes, if the road is otherwise clear
  3. Yes, but only outside school hours
  4. Yes, if a Right on Red OK sign is posted

Answer: No, never with students aboard

The driver of a school bus containing students cannot turn right on any red light.

Handbook p. 31 ↗
Outside New York City, you may turn left on a steady red light from a one-way road into another one-way road after a full stop and yielding, unless a sign or marking prohibits it.
  1. True
  2. False

Answer: True

That left turn on red is allowed after a full stop and yielding, unless a sign, signal or marking prohibits it; in NYC turns on red need a sign permitting them.

Handbook p. 31 ↗
Take the lesson checkpoint in the app

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