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Hawaii driving lesson · Safe Driving Techniques

Defensive driving, seeing, and being ready to drive

A 3-minute lesson from the Hawaii course. Read the rules and examples, follow the handbook page references, and check your understanding before you move on.

Read time
3 minutes
Course unit
Safe Driving Techniques
Checkpoint questions
6
Source pages
59, 60, 61

Defensive driving means spotting danger early and acting before a crash can develop. It depends on seeing well, being fit to drive, and starting with a vehicle and a plan you can trust.

Defensive driving

A technique in which you identify dangerous driving situations and take action to defend against the danger before a crash situation develops.

Handbook p. 59 ↗

To avoid crashes, a defensive driver should:

  • Stay alert and keep your eyes moving
  • Look well ahead and anticipate chain-reaction situations
  • Have an alternate plan ready – always leave yourself a way out
  • Always keep the proper following distance
  • Always keep the proper speed for highway conditions
Handbook p. 59 ↗

Know the rule

If you show aggressive, careless, inattentive or similar traits yourself, you must first defend against yourself.

Handbook p. 59 ↗

Know the rule

Almost all the information you need to drive safely comes from looking and SEEING.

Handbook p. 59 ↗

Know the rule

Scan mostly ahead, with regular glances to the sides, the mirror and the instrument panel. 'I didn't see…' often means 'I wasn't paying attention.'

Handbook p. 60 ↗
Field of vision narrows with speed (40/60 mph)
Speed reduces your field of vision

Speed reduces your field of vision

Speed reduces your field of vision
SpeedField of vision reduced to
20 mphAbout 2/3
40 mphAbout 2/5
60 mphAbout 1/5
Handbook p. 59 ↗

Know the rule

Don't drive if you're ill, injured, emotionally upset or under the influence. On medication, follow your physician's advice about driving.

Handbook p. 60 ↗

Know the rule

Correct any defect that may affect safe operation as soon as possible. If coolant, oil, battery water, tires and lamps weren't checked within the past week, check them before a trip.

Handbook p. 60 ↗

In an unfamiliar vehicle, first locate and learn:

  • Turn and hazard warning signals
  • Head lamps and beam selector
  • Windshield wipers and washers
  • Brakes
  • Gear selector
  • Horn
Handbook p. 60 ↗

Know the rule

Plan trips to unfamiliar areas: know your exact destination and choose a route for traffic, road, weather and light. If in doubt, postpone or cancel.

Handbook p. 60 ↗

Know the rule

All dashboard warning lamps should light when you turn on the ignition. After the check, a yellow light still lit is a warning; a red light means danger – check it immediately.

Handbook p. 60 ↗

Know the rule

The brake warning lamp should go out when you release the parking brake. If it lights when you press the brake pedal, the brakes are defective: don't drive.

Handbook p. 61 ↗

Put it into practice

You borrow a friend's car for the first time. Before pulling out, spend a few minutes finding the wipers, headlight and high-beam controls, hazard switch and horn, and test the brakes. Fix any defect you notice before driving.

Check your understanding

Read the question, decide on an answer, then open it to check the explanation. These are Roadwise study questions based on the source handbook.

Defensive driving means you:
  1. rely on other drivers to avoid you
  2. identify dangerous situations
  3. always follow closely so you can react
  4. drive as fast as safely possible to avoid trouble

Answer: identify dangerous situations

Defensive driving means recognizing hazards and acting to avoid a crash before it happens.

Handbook p. 59 ↗
Which of these is part of defensive driving?
  1. Following closely so no one cuts in
  2. Keeping pace with the fastest traffic
  3. Checking mirrors only when changing lanes
  4. Always leaving yourself a way out

Answer: Always leaving yourself a way out

Keeping an alternate plan of action is a core defensive driving practice.

Handbook p. 59 ↗
Most of the information you need to drive safely comes from:
  1. hearing
  2. seeing
  3. the feel of the road
  4. other drivers' signals

Answer: seeing

Almost all the information needed to drive safely comes from seeing.

Handbook p. 59 ↗
A driver who says "I didn't see..." after a crash usually means:
  1. they weren't paying attention
  2. the road was poorly lit
  3. the crash was unavoidable
  4. the other driver was speeding

Answer: they weren't paying attention

This phrase usually indicates inattention rather than an unavoidable crash.

Handbook p. 60 ↗
When driving an unfamiliar vehicle, you should first:
  1. check only the fuel gauge
  2. take a few minutes to learn its controls
  3. adjust only the seat and mirrors
  4. ask the owner about any defects after driving

Answer: take a few minutes to learn its controls

Take time to locate and understand the controls before driving an unfamiliar vehicle.

Handbook p. 60 ↗
A red warning lamp on your dashboard indicates:
  1. danger; have it checked immediately
  2. a warning to watch
  3. normal operation once the engine starts
  4. a burned-out dashboard bulb

Answer: danger; have it checked immediately

After starting, a yellow light that stays on is a warning, while a red light indicates danger and should be checked immediately.

Handbook p. 60 ↗
Take the lesson checkpoint in the app

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