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California driving lesson · Signals, Signs & Right-of-Way

Traffic signals

A 3-minute lesson from the California course. Read the rules and examples, follow the handbook page references, and check your understanding before you move on.

Read time
3 minutes
Course unit
Signals, Signs & Right-of-Way
Checkpoint questions
6
Source pages
39, 40

Traffic lights come in solid, flashing and arrow versions, and each means something different. At any signal, you must still yield to pedestrians, bicyclists and vehicles that have the right-of-way.

Signal meanings

Signal meanings
SignalMeaning
Solid redSTOP (right turn allowed after stop unless posted)
Red arrowSTOP; do not turn until green light or arrow
Flashing redSTOP; then go when it is safe
Solid yellowCAUTION; light is about to turn red
Yellow arrowProtected turning time is ending
Flashing yellowPROCEED WITH CAUTION; no need to stop
Flashing yellow arrowTurn allowed but not protected; yield first
Green / green arrowGO / GO in the arrow's direction (protected)
Handbook p. 40 ↗

Know the rule

You can turn right at a solid red light if no NO TURN ON RED sign is posted, you stop at the stop or limit line, yield to pedestrians, and turn when it is safe.

Handbook p. 39 ↗
Red arrow
Red arrow: stop; no turning on a red arrow

Know the rule

At a solid yellow light, stop if you can do so safely. If you cannot stop safely, cautiously cross the intersection.

Handbook p. 39 ↗

Know the rule

At a yellow arrow, if you cannot stop safely or are already in the intersection, cautiously complete your turn. The next signal may be a green or red light or a red arrow.

Handbook p. 39 ↗
Flashing yellow light
Flashing yellow light: slow down and be alert

Know the rule

Flashing yellow arrow: you may turn left after yielding to oncoming traffic, and proceed with caution; your turn is not protected.

Handbook p. 40 ↗
Flashing yellow arrow
Flashing yellow arrow: unprotected turn; yield to oncoming traffic

Know the rule

On a solid green light, still stop for any vehicle, bicyclist, or pedestrian in the intersection. Only proceed if you have enough space without creating danger.

Handbook p. 40 ↗

Know the rule

Do not enter the intersection on green if you cannot get completely across before the light turns red.

Handbook p. 40 ↗

Know the rule

A green arrow allows a protected turn: oncoming vehicles are stopped by a red light.

Handbook p. 40 ↗

Know the rule

When a traffic light is not working, stop as if the intersection had STOP signs in all directions, then proceed cautiously when safe.

Handbook p. 40 ↗

Put it into practice

You approach an intersection where the signals are dark after a power outage. Treat it as an all-way stop: come to a full stop, then go when it is safe and it is your turn.

Check your understanding

Read the question, decide on an answer, then open it to check the explanation. These are Roadwise study questions based on the source handbook.

What does a solid red traffic light mean?
  1. Proceed with caution
  2. Yield to cross traffic only
  3. Stop
  4. Slow down but do not stop

Answer: Stop

A solid red traffic signal light means STOP.

Handbook p. 39 ↗
May you turn right on a red arrow signal?
  1. Yes, after a complete stop
  2. Yes, if no pedestrians are present
  3. Yes, if there's no NO TURN ON RED sign
  4. No, wait for a green light or arrow

Answer: No, wait for a green light or arrow

A red arrow means STOP; do not turn until a green light or arrow appears.

Handbook p. 39 ↗
What does a flashing yellow traffic signal mean?
  1. Proceed with caution
  2. Stop, then proceed when safe
  3. You must come to a complete stop
  4. The light is about to turn red

Answer: Proceed with caution

A flashing yellow light is a warning to proceed with caution; you do not need to stop.

Handbook p. 39 ↗
What does a flashing yellow arrow mean for a left turn?
  1. Your turn is fully protected
  2. Turn, but yield to oncoming traffic
  3. You must stop and wait for green
  4. It functions the same as a red arrow

Answer: Turn, but yield to oncoming traffic

A flashing yellow arrow means you can turn after yielding to oncoming traffic; the turn is not protected.

Handbook p. 39 ↗
What does a flashing red signal light require?
  1. Slow down without stopping
  2. Proceed with caution only
  3. Stop, then go when safe
  4. Yield only to pedestrians

Answer: Stop, then go when safe

A flashing red light means stop; after stopping, you may go when safe.

Handbook p. 39 ↗
What should you do when a traffic light is completely not working?
  1. Proceed at normal speed with caution
  2. Treat it as an all-way stop
  3. Treat it as a flashing yellow
  4. Yield only to vehicles on your right

Answer: Treat it as an all-way stop

When a traffic light isn't working, treat the intersection as if controlled by stop signs in all directions.

Handbook p. 40 ↗
Take the lesson checkpoint in the app

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