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Rhode Island driving lesson · Distraction, Drowsiness & Emotions

Drowsy Driving: Risks & Warning Signs

A 3-minute lesson from the Rhode Island course. Read the rules and examples, follow the handbook page references, and check your understanding before you move on.

Read time
3 minutes
Course unit
Distraction, Drowsiness & Emotions
Checkpoint questions
6
Source pages
20, 21

Being tired impairs you much like alcohol does. You see less, react later and misjudge speed and distance. Worse, you may fall asleep with no warning at all. Know who is most at risk and the signs your body gives.

Drowsy driving by the numbers:

  • NHTSA (2020): about 100,000 police-reported crashes a year result directly from drowsy driving
  • Those crashes cause an estimated 800 deaths and 50,000 injuries
  • 60 percent of adult drivers say they drove while drowsy in the past year
  • 1 in 25 drivers admit falling asleep while driving
  • More than one in five fatal collisions involve a drowsy driver
Handbook p. 20 ↗

Microsleeps

Short bursts of sleep lasting only a few seconds. Either microsleeps or longer sleep dramatically increase the chance of a collision.

Handbook p. 20 ↗

Drivers at increased risk:

  • Drivers on long trips
  • Drivers lacking sleep
  • Drivers with untreated sleep disorders such as sleep apnea or narcolepsy
  • Drivers on the road during the body's natural 'low' times
  • Drivers who have been awake for extended periods
  • Young drivers
  • Shift workers
Handbook p. 20 ↗

Extended wakefulness equals impairment

Extended wakefulness equals impairment
Hours awakeImpairment equal to a BAC of
20 hours.05 percent
24 hours.10 percent
Handbook p. 21 ↗
Midnight–6 a.m.

Main circadian 'low'; a second low comes about 2 p.m. to 5 p.m.

Handbook p. 21 ↗

Know the rule

Drivers under 30 are involved in over two-thirds of all fall-asleep crashes and are four times more likely to have a sleep-related crash than drivers 30 and older.

Handbook p. 21 ↗

Know the rule

Working the night shift increases collision risk by nearly six times. Rotating-shift workers and people working more than 60 hours a week must be especially careful.

Handbook p. 21 ↗

Other causes of drowsiness:

  • Emotional stress, illness or boredom
  • Sun glare (eyestrain)
  • Overeating
  • Alcohol or drug use
  • A warm passenger compartment
  • Monotony: an empty, straight road with little to keep you alert
Handbook p. 21 ↗

Know the rule

One half of drivers who crashed after falling asleep did not detect any signs of drowsiness first—there may be no warning at all.

Handbook p. 21 ↗

Warning signs you're too tired to drive:

  • Difficulty focusing, frequent blinking or heavy eyelids
  • Yawning repeatedly or rubbing your eyes
  • Daydreaming; wandering thoughts
  • Not remembering the last few miles; missing exits or signs
  • Trouble keeping your head up
  • Drifting from your lane, tailgating, hitting a rumble strip
  • Feeling restless and irritable
Handbook p. 21 ↗

Put it into practice

You worked a closing shift, then drove friends around; you've now been awake 20 hours. You're impaired about as much as a .05 BAC. Hand the keys to a rested driver instead of 'toughing it out'.

Check your understanding

Read the question, decide on an answer, then open it to check the explanation. These are Roadwise study questions based on the source handbook.

About how many police-reported crashes each year does NHTSA estimate result directly from drowsy driving?
  1. 100,000
  2. 10,000
  3. 500,000
  4. 50,000

Answer: 100,000

NHTSA estimates about 100,000 police-reported crashes each year are a direct result of drowsy driving.

Handbook p. 20 ↗
Being awake for 24 hours straight produces impairment roughly equal to what BAC level?
  1. 0.05 percent
  2. 0.10 percent
  3. 0.08 percent
  4. 0.02 percent

Answer: 0.10 percent

Research shows 24 hours of wakefulness produces impairment equal to a BAC of about 0.10 percent, and 20 hours awake equals about 0.05 percent.

Handbook p. 21 ↗
During which times of day do most people experience natural circadian 'low' periods?
  1. 6 a.m. to 9 a.m. only
  2. Noon to 2 p.m. only
  3. Midnight to 6 a.m., and 2 p.m. to 5 p.m.
  4. 9 p.m. to midnight only

Answer: Midnight to 6 a.m., and 2 p.m. to 5 p.m.

Most people experience circadian 'lows' between midnight and 6 a.m. and again between roughly 2 p.m. and 5 p.m.

Handbook p. 21 ↗
Which group is described as being involved in over two-thirds of all fall-asleep crashes?
  1. Drivers under age 30
  2. Drivers over age 60
  3. Shift workers only
  4. Drivers on very short trips

Answer: Drivers under age 30

Drivers under age 30 are involved in over two-thirds of all fall-asleep crashes.

Handbook p. 21 ↗
Working the night shift affects a driver's collision risk in what way, according to the handbook?
  1. It roughly doubles the risk
  2. It increases risk by nearly six times
  3. It triples the risk
  4. It decreases risk due to lighter traffic

Answer: It increases risk by nearly six times

Working the night shift increases a driver's collision risk by nearly six times.

Handbook p. 21 ↗
What fraction of drivers admit to having fallen asleep while driving, per a national sleep survey cited in the handbook?
  1. 1 in 5
  2. 1 in 25
  3. 1 in 100
  4. 1 in 2

Answer: 1 in 25

According to the survey cited, 1 in 25 drivers have admitted to falling asleep while driving.

Handbook p. 20 ↗
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