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Missouri driving lesson · Special Driving Conditions

Hydroplaning, ABS, skids and fog

A 3-minute lesson from the Missouri course. Read the rules and examples, follow the handbook page references, and check your understanding before you move on.

Read time
3 minutes
Course unit
Special Driving Conditions
Checkpoint questions
6
Source pages
65, 66

When your tires lose grip, whether on water, in a skid or under hard braking, smooth and correct inputs save you. Know in advance what to do with the gas, the brake and the wheel.

Hydroplaning

Loss of traction and control that happens when your tires ride on water instead of the pavement.

Handbook p. 65 ↗
Over 35 mph

Hydroplaning can happen at any speed above this

Handbook p. 65 ↗
55 mph

In a severe rainstorm, tires can lose all contact with the road at this speed

Handbook p. 65 ↗

Know the rule

If you think you're hydroplaning, take your foot off the accelerator and slow down. Don't hit the brakes; you may skid.

Handbook p. 65 ↗

To avoid hydroplaning:

  • Have good tires with deep tread
  • Keep tires properly inflated
  • Slow down during rainstorms or on wet pavement
  • Don't use cruise control
Handbook p. 65 ↗

Know the rule

Four-wheel ABS keeps wheels from locking in emergency braking. Keep firm, continuous pressure on the brake while you steer. Pulsing in the pedal is normal.

Handbook p. 66 ↗

With anti-lock brakes, don't:

  • Pump your brakes
  • Forget to steer
  • Be alarmed by mechanical noises or slight pedal pulsations; they mean ABS is working
Handbook p. 66 ↗

Know the rule

Skids are handled the same in front- and rear-wheel drive vehicles: take your foot off the accelerator, don't hit the brakes, and gently turn the wheel in the direction the rear wheels are sliding. Braking or jerking the wheel makes the skid worse.

Handbook p. 66 ↗
Steering into a skid (sequence)
Steer in the direction the rear wheels are sliding

If you must drive in fog:

  • Reduce your speed
  • Be alert and ready to stop
  • Keep headlights on low beam; high beams let you see less in fog
  • If it's too thick to see, pull off the road and stop, leaving lights and flashers on
Handbook p. 66 ↗

Put it into practice

On a wet curve, your car's rear end slides to the right. Ease off the gas, stay off the brake, and gently turn the wheel to the right, the way the rear is sliding, until you regain control.

Check your understanding

Read the question, decide on an answer, then open it to check the explanation. These are Roadwise study questions based on the source handbook.

At what speed can hydroplaning begin to occur, according to the handbook?
  1. Any speed over 15 mph
  2. Any speed over 35 mph
  3. Only above 55 mph
  4. Only above 70 mph

Answer: Any speed over 35 mph

Hydroplaning can happen at any speed over 35 mph.

Handbook p. 65 ↗
If you believe your vehicle is hydroplaning, what should you do?
  1. Hit the brakes firmly
  2. Accelerate to power through the water
  3. Ease off the gas; don't hit the brakes
  4. Turn the wheel sharply

Answer: Ease off the gas; don't hit the brakes

If you think you're hydroplaning, take your foot off the accelerator and slow down; do not hit the brakes, as this may cause a skid.

Handbook p. 65 ↗
In a severe rainstorm, at what speed can tires lose all contact with the road, according to the handbook?
  1. 35 mph
  2. 45 mph
  3. 65 mph
  4. 55 mph

Answer: 55 mph

In a severe rainstorm, tires can lose all contact with the road at 55 mph.

Handbook p. 65 ↗
With a four-wheel anti-lock braking system (ABS), what should you do during hard braking if you feel pulsing in the brake pedal?
  1. Keep firm, continuous brake pressure
  2. Release the brake immediately
  3. Pump the brake rapidly
  4. Switch to the parking brake

Answer: Keep firm, continuous brake pressure

With ABS, maintain firm and continuous pressure on the brake pedal even if you feel pulsing; do not pump the brakes.

Handbook p. 65 ↗
If your vehicle begins to skid, what is the first thing you should do?
  1. Hit the brakes hard
  2. Ease off the gas; don't brake
  3. Turn the wheel sharply against the skid
  4. Accelerate to regain traction

Answer: Ease off the gas; don't brake

When skidding, take your foot off the accelerator, but do not hit the brakes.

Handbook p. 66 ↗
Which direction should you turn the steering wheel to correct a skid?
  1. Away from where the rear wheels slide
  2. Sharply in the direction of the slide
  3. Gently in the direction the rear wheels are sliding
  4. Toward the center of the road

Answer: Gently in the direction the rear wheels are sliding

Gently turn your steering wheel in the direction that your rear wheels are sliding to correct a skid.

Handbook p. 66 ↗
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