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Idaho driving lesson · Weather & Special Conditions

Skids and emergency stops

A 3-minute lesson from the Idaho course. Read the rules and examples, follow the handbook page references, and check your understanding before you move on.

Read time
3 minutes
Course unit
Weather & Special Conditions
Checkpoint questions
6
Source pages
115, 116, 117

Emergencies arrive suddenly, and your instinct, like slamming the brakes in a skid, is often wrong. Knowing the right moves in advance lets you react in the fraction of a second you get.

Know the rule

Prevent skids: watch for slick roads, especially in winter, slow down before you must stop, and never brake so hard the wheels lock.

Handbook p. 115 ↗

Know the rule

In most skids the rear wheels lose grip and slide left or right. Skids happen most on ice or packed snow, but also on wet pavement, and even dry pavement at high speed or in quick stops.

Handbook p. 115 ↗

Recovering from a skid:

  • Don't panic and don't hit the brake
  • Take your foot off the gas immediately
  • Steer in the direction of the skid: rear sliding right, turn front wheels right
Handbook p. 116 ↗

Know the rule

Practice stops and skid recovery in a safe place, ideally private property, before driving on ice or snow.

Handbook p. 116 ↗

Anti-lock braking system (ABS)

Brakes that let you keep full steering control during hard braking and on slippery surfaces. ABS does not shorten stopping distance.

Handbook p. 116 ↗

Hard stop WITH ABS:

  • Apply continuous pressure on the brake pedal
  • Do NOT pump: it defeats ABS and lengthens your stop
  • Expect pump-motor noise and pedal pulsing; that's normal, so keep your foot down
Handbook p. 116 ↗

Hard stop WITHOUT ABS:

  • Press as hard as you can without locking the brakes
  • If the brakes lock and you start to skid, quickly let up on the pedal
  • Once the skid stops, press again; repeat until stopped
Handbook p. 117 ↗

Put it into practice

Your rear wheels slide to the left on an icy curve. Lift off the gas, stay off the brake, and steer left, the direction the rear is sliding, until the car straightens.

Check your understanding

Read the question, decide on an answer, then open it to check the explanation. These are Roadwise study questions based on the source handbook.

If your vehicle starts to skid, you should first:
  1. accelerate to regain traction
  2. hit the brakes firmly
  3. ease off the gas and steer into the skid
  4. turn the wheel opposite the skid direction

Answer: ease off the gas and steer into the skid

Ease off the gas and steer into the direction the rear is sliding.

Handbook p. 116 ↗
Most skids occur because:
  1. the engine stalls suddenly
  2. the front wheels lock up first
  3. the steering wheel disconnects
  4. the rear wheels lose their grip and slide

Answer: the rear wheels lose their grip and slide

Skids typically start when the rear wheels lose traction.

Handbook p. 115 ↗
With ABS brakes, during an emergency stop you should:
  1. apply continuous firm pressure without pumping
  2. tap the brakes lightly and release
  3. steer only, never brake hard
  4. pump the brakes rapidly

Answer: apply continuous firm pressure without pumping

ABS is designed for steady, continuous brake pressure, not pumping.

Handbook p. 116 ↗
A pulsing feeling in the brake pedal during hard ABS braking is:
  1. a sign of brake failure requiring an immediate stop
  2. normal and shouldn't cause you to release the pedal
  3. only normal at low speeds
  4. a sign you should pump the brakes

Answer: normal and shouldn't cause you to release the pedal

The pulsing is a normal part of ABS operation.

Handbook p. 116 ↗
Without ABS, if your brakes lock and the car begins to skid, you should:
  1. turn the steering wheel sharply
  2. pump the gas pedal instead
  3. quickly let up on the brake pedal
  4. press down harder to stop faster

Answer: quickly let up on the brake pedal

Releasing the brake pedal restores control when non-ABS brakes lock.

Handbook p. 117 ↗
ABS is designed to help you:
  1. stop in a shorter distance than without ABS
  2. keep steering control during hard braking
  3. work only above 40 mph
  4. eliminate the need to brake early

Answer: keep steering control during hard braking

ABS preserves steering control; it does not shorten stopping distance.

Handbook p. 116 ↗
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